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The warning about fox tapeworm is something almost everyone in Germany has heard if they have ever wanted to pick berries or collect mushrooms in the forest. The concern is that the tapeworm eggs could be stuck to them – a parasite that attacks the liver and can cause a potentially life-threatening disease. This disease is one of 21 illnesses that the World Health Organization WHO has placed on its list of NTDs. These so-called “Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs)”, known in German as “vernachlässigte Tropenkrankheiten”, are regarded as a global early-warning system……..Continue reading…
Source: Euronews
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Critics:
Parasites are organisms which derive sustenance from its host while causing it harm. The study of parasites and parasitic diseases is known as parasitology. Medical parasitology is concerned with three major groups of parasites: parasitic protozoa, helminths, and parasitic arthropods. Parasitic diseases are thus considered those diseases that are caused by pathogens belonging taxonomically to either the animal kingdom, or the protozoan kingdom.
Although organisms such as bacteria function as parasites, the usage of the term “parasitic disease” is usually more restricted. The three main types of organisms causing these conditions are protozoa (causing protozoan infection), helminths (helminthiasis), and ectoparasites. Protozoa and helminths are usually endoparasites (usually living inside the body of the host), while ectoparasites usually live on the surface of the host.
Protozoa are single-celled, microscopic organisms that belong to the kingdom Protista. Helminths on the other hand are macroscopic, multicellular organisms that belong to the kingdom Animalia. Protozoans obtain their required nutrients through pinocytosis and phagocytosis. Helminths of class Cestoidea and Trematoda absorb nutrients, whereas nematodes obtain needed nourishment through ingestion. Occasionally the definition of “parasitic disease” is restricted to diseases due to endoparasites.
Some parasitic diseases can occur in either an acute or chronic form. The acute form is characterized by quicker and often more severe onset of symptoms. Mammals can get parasites from contaminated food or water, bug bites, sexual contact, or contact with animals. Some ways in which people may acquire parasitic infections are walking barefoot, inadequate disposal of feces, lack of hygiene, close contact with someone carrying specific parasites, and eating undercooked foods, unwashed fruits and vegetables or foods from contaminated regions.
Only at specific stages in a parasites life is it infectious. Contact with non-infective stages will not lead to infection. Many parasites utilize vectors to infect hosts. Vectors are vessels for the parasite, and help the parasite infect its next host. Some examples of parasitic diseases that use vectors are malaria and leishmaniasis. Many parasitic diseases are concentrated in specific areas of the globe. Majority of these diseases are prevalent along the equator due to the warm temperatures.
Therefore, people located in these areas are at greater risk of contracting the disease causing parasites. Parasitic diseases are far more common among marginalized groups. Lack of indoor bathrooms and access to clean drinking water are only some of the risk factors faced. Additionally, in the United States being Hispanic or African-American have shown to be risk factors for specific parasitic diseases.
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