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A new study co-written by a team of University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign experts who study workplace sexual harassment finds that men and women often respond differently when they witness sexual harassment in the workplace. Women consistently reported higher empathy toward workplace sexual harassment targets than men, and this greater empathy led to more frequent intervention behaviors as well as a decreased likelihood of ignoring or silencing victims, according to the research……….Continue reading….

By Phil Ciciora

Source: Phys

Critics:

Workplace harassment is the offensive, belittling or threatening behavior directed at an individual worker or a group of workers. Workplace harassment can be verbal, physical, sexual, racial, or bullying. Recently, matters of workplace harassment have gained interest among practitioners and researchers as it is becoming one of the most sensitive areas of effective workplace management.

In some East Asian countries, it has attracted substantial attention from researchers and governments since the 1980s, because aggressive behaviors have become a significant source of work stress, as reported by employees. Under occupational health and safety laws around the world, workplace harassment and workplace bullying are identified as being core psychosocial hazards.

Online harassment may direct multiple repeating obscenities, unwanted behaviour or unpleasant comments at specific people. It can include sharing information about a person they did not want shared, posting unpleasant comments, pictures or videos; and online impersonation. Some online harassment may focus on the victims characteristics such as age, sex, race, religion, gender, nationality, disability, or sexual orientation. This is discrimination.

Trolling has been defined as a collective form of harassment perceived as having malicious intent to provoke another user. In recent years, many politicians have experienced trolling and it has been identified as having a significant impact on political discourse. Online harassment can occur on social media, in chat rooms, within gaming environments or by sending unpleasant and unwanted emails to people who do not want to receive these communications and are offended by them.

Online harassment may involve using photos of the victim and their families, altering photos in offensive ways, and then posting them on social media with the aim of causing emotional distress (see cyberbullying, cyberstalking, hate crime, online predator, Online Gender-Based Violence, and stalking). Herd mentality and cyberbullying are common on social media platforms. The “social media mob” that formed may evolve to “bullying anyone who didn’t align with their beliefs or conclusions”.

This is humiliating, intimidating or abusive behavior which is often difficult to detect, leaving no evidence other than victim reports or complaints. This characteristically lowers a person’s self-esteem or causes one to have overwhelming torment. This can take the form of verbal comments, engineered episodes of intimidation, aggressive actions or repeated gestures. Falling into this category is workplace harassment by individuals or groups mobbing.

Sexual harassment is an offensive or humiliating behavior that is related to a person’s sex. It can be a subtle or overt sexual nature of a person (sexual annoyance, e.g. flirting, expression of sexuality, etc.) that results in wrong communication or miscommunication, implied sexual conditions of a job (sexual coercion, etc.). It includes unwanted and unwelcome words, facial expressions, sexual attention, deeds, actions, symbols, or behaviors of a sexual nature that make the target feel uncomfortable.

This can involve visual or suggestive looks or comments, staring at a person’s body, or the showing of inappropriate photos.^[41] It can happen anywhere, but is most common in the workplace, schools, and the military. Even if certain civility codes were relevant in the past, the changing cultural norms calls for policies to avoid intentional fallacies between sexes and among same sexes. Women are substantially more likely to be affected than men.