Friday, October 23, 2026

The Turkish Hiking Trail Named Most Beautiful In The World By Time Out

Shutterstock

Looking for a digital detox? We all need to get into nature every so often, and sometimes touching grass isn’t enough. Sometimes you need to head up a mountain with no signal and just embrace the slow life for a while. If you are in the mood for a trek into nature, you may as well do it properly. Luckily, Time Out has just curated a list of the world’s most gorgeous hikes for you to choose from. These are the sorts of views you usually only see as a computer screensaver, or while scrolling through your super-cool friend’s social media accounts ……..Continue reading….

By: Annie McNamee

Source:  Time Out

.

Critics:

Regular, brisk exercise can improve confidence, stamina, energy, weight control and may reduce stress. Scientific studies have also shown that walking may be beneficial for the mind, improving memory skills, learning ability, concentration, mood, creativity, and abstract reasoningSustained walking sessions for a minimum period of thirty to sixty minutes a day, five days a week, with the correct walking posture may improve health. 

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention‘s fact sheet on the “Relationship of Walking to Mortality Among U.S. Adults with Diabetes” states that those with diabetes who walked for two or more hours a week lowered their mortality rate from all causes by 39 percent.

Women who took 4,500 steps to 7,500 steps a day seemed to have fewer premature deaths compared to those who only took 2,700 steps a day. “Walking lengthened the life of people with diabetes regardless of age, sex, race, body mass index, length of time since diagnosis and presence of complications or functional limitations.”

One limited study found preliminary evidence of a relationship between the speed of walking and health, and that the best results are obtained with a speed of more than 2.5 mph (4.0 km/h). A 2023 study by the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, the largest study to date, found that walking at least 2,337 steps a day reduced the risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, and that 3,967 steps a day reduced the risk of dying from any cause.

Benefits continued to increase with more steps. James Leiper, associate medical director at the British Heart Foundation, said that if the benefits of walking could be sold as a medicine “we would be hailing it as a wonder drug”. It is theorized that “walking” among tetrapods originated underwater with air-breathing fish that could “walk” underwater, giving rise (potentially with vertebrates like Tiktaalik)to the plethora of land-dwelling life that walk on four or two limbs.

While terrestrial tetrapods are theorised to have a single origin, arthropods and their relatives are thought to have independently evolved walking several times, specifically in insects, myriapods, chelicerates, tardigrades, onychophorans, and crustaceans. Little skates, members of the demersal fish community, can propel themselves by pushing off the ocean floor with their pelvic fins, using neural mechanisms which evolved as early as 420 million years ago, before vertebrates set foot on land.

Walking is also considered to be a clear example of a sustainable mode of transport, especially suited for urban use and/or relatively shorter distances. Non-motorized transport modes such as walking, but also cycling, small-wheeled transport (skates, skateboards, push scooters and hand carts) or wheelchair travel are often key elements of successfully encouraging clean urban transport.

A large variety of case studies and good practices (from European cities and some worldwide examples) that promote and stimulate walking as a means of transportation in cities can be found at Eltis, Europe’s portal for local transport. The development of specific rights of way with appropriate infrastructure can promote increased participation and enjoyment of walking. Examples of types of investment include pedestrian malls, and foreshoreways such as oceanways and also river walks.

The first purpose-built pedestrian street in Europe is the Lijnbaan in Rotterdam, opened in 1953. The first pedestrianised shopping centre in the United Kingdom was in Stevenage in 1959. A large number of European towns and cities have made part of their centres car-free since the early 1960s. These are often accompanied by car parks on the edge of the pedestrianised zone, and, in the larger cases, park and ride schemes

Central Copenhagen is one of the largest and oldest: It was converted from car traffic into pedestrian zone in 1962. Many people enjoy walking as a recreation in the mainly urban modern world, and it is one of the best forms of exercise. For some, walking is a way to enjoy nature and the outdoors; and for others the physical, sporting and endurance aspect is more important.

There are a variety of different kinds of walking, including bushwalking, racewalking, beach walking, hillwalking, volksmarching, Nordic walking, trekking, dog walking and hiking. Some people prefer to walk indoors on a treadmill, or in a gym, and fitness walkers and others may use a pedometer to count their steps.

Hiking is the usual word used in Canada, the United States and South Africa for long vigorous walks; similar walks are called tramps in New Zealand, or hill walking or just walking in Australia, the UK and the Irish Republic. In the UK, rambling is also used. Australians also bushwalk. In English-speaking parts of North America, the term walking is used for short walks, especially in towns and cities. Snow shoeing is walking in snow; a slightly different gait is required compared with regular walking.

Earlier Today
.
HikingTrail ,TrailAdventure ,NatureLovers ,OutdoorExploration ,HikerLife ,TrailFitness ,Wanderlust,AdventureAwaits ,ExploreMore ,ScenicViews ,NatureEscape ,TrailRunning ,EcoTourism ,BackpackingJourney ,WildlifeWatching ,MountainViews ,AdventureTime ,FitHiker ,GetOutside ,NaturePhotography

Google Fit API Shutdown Could Impact Your Fitness Devices

Rafael Henrique/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

There was a moment not that long ago when fitness trackers seemed like a niche business. Now, they’ve become ubiquitous, both in terms of smartphones having some fitness-tracking functionality and with a growing variety of wearables on the market. But there’s a lot of code behind the scenes to make your wristband, smart ring or cellphone compile information and process it — and a recent decision from Google could shake up the industry. Earlier , Google announced that “Google Fit developer services will be transitioning to become a core part of the Android Health platform…..…Story continues…

By: Tobias Carroll

Source: InsideHook

.

Critics:

Google Fit is a health-tracking platform developed by Google for the Android operating system, Wear OS, and iOS. It is a single set of APIs that blends data from multiple apps and devices. Google Fit uses sensors in a user’s activity tracker or mobile device to record physical fitness activities (such as walking, cycling, etc.), which are measured against the user’s fitness goals to provide a comprehensive view of their fitness.

Google Fit was announced at the Google I/O conference on June 25, 2014. A software development kit for Google Fit was released on August 7, 2014. Fit launched to the public on October 28, 2014. In August 2018, Google announced a revamp to its Android Fit platform which adds activity goals based on activity recommendations from the American Heart Association and the World Health Organization.

The updates are meant to help Fit better provide metrics for activities other than walking and encourage users to engage in activities that will raise the heart rate without necessarily requiring a trip to the gym. In April 2019, Google announced Google Fit for iOS offering similar experience to its Android counterpart. Google Fit for iOS used Apple Health, Nike Run Club, Headspace or connected device such as Apple Watch or Wear OS smartwatch connected to user device.

In August 2019, Google announced dark theme, sleep insights and workout map feature availability. In April 2020, Google redesigned Google Fit. In November 2020, Google Fit added iOS 14 widget. In February 2021, Google announced a Pixel 5 exclusive feature for Google Fit, heart rate and respiratory measurement using Pixel 5’s camera. In June 2021, Google announced support for paced walking. In 2022, Google began to deprecate Google Fit in favor of acquiring Fitbit and the Health Connect APIs. Google stated that the Google Fit APIs will be shut down in 2025.

Google Fit provides a single set of API for apps and device manufacturers to store and access activity data from fitness apps and sensors on Android and other devices (like wearables, heart rate monitors or connected scales). Users can choose who their fitness data is shared with as well as delete this information at any time. Wearable heart rate monitors for athletes were available in 1981.

Improvements in technology in the late 20th and early 21st century made it possible to automate the recording of fitness activities, as well as to integrate monitors into more easily worn equipment. The RS-Computer shoe was released in 1986. Early examples include wristwatch-sized bicycle computers that monitored speed, duration, distance, etc., available at least by the early 1990s.

By at least the early 2000s, wearable fitness tracking devices were available as consumer-grade electronics, including wireless heart rate monitors that could be connected to commercial-grade exercise machines in gyms. Athletes are usually tracked with the levels of internal and external loads, where external loads will consist of the performance outcomes usually witnessed by coaches, and internal loads consist of factors such as heart rate, blood pressure, and blood lactate levels.

When taking into account the well-being of the subject, subjective scales are involved which measure fatigue, sleep quality, emotions, and soreness. Activity trackers later diversified to include wristbands and armbands (so-called smart bands) and smaller devices that could be clipped wherever preferred. In 2006 Apple and Nike released the Nike+iPod, a sensor-equipped shoe that worked with an iPod Nano.

By 2010, logging apps had been introduced, many of which integrated the direct sharing of data to Facebook ot Twitter. Activity trackers became appealing to consumers because of the combination of gamification, the social dimension of sharing via social media, and increased motivation due to the resulting rivalry and competition between friends. In 2016, there were several advances made regarding fitness tracking geared toward kids with a variety of options from organizations such as UNICEF and Garmin.

Most consumer activity trackers are worn on a wristband similar to a wristwatch. This type of tracker usually includes a digital display for data. Wrist-based trackers may be prone to error during exercise involving rapid arm motion. Some activity trackers take the form of a ring. Ring-based trackers have no display of their own and rely on a connection with a smartphone to display tracked data.

Another low-profile format for activity trackers places sensors inside of earphones. These trackers rely on a smartphone to display data, similar to ring-based trackers. Earphone-based activity trackers use sensors to take readings directly from the capillaries located within the ear. Due to their placement, these trackers can give more accurate results for blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and body temperature. Activity trackers placed in the ear are also well suited to the assessment of heart rate.

Many devices primarily intended as smartwatches also function as activity trackers. An early example was the Apple Watch, which has offered has offered fitness tracker functions since 2014. The standard activity-tracking smartphone or web apps present data in statistical form meant to be viewed after the activity has ended. However, research suggests that if we want a richer understanding of the data, we need intelligent computing to be included in the systems that run the apps.

Certain movements of the user can distort the results obtained from activity trackers as seen in a test conducted by Stiftung Warentest where the products were unable to accurately track a bike ride. Furthermore, the determined values for the human energy transformation were erroneous. With the heart rate large deviations have been observed at wristlet trackers, and it is recommended for this purpose to use appropriate chest straps. Wristbands can be uncomfortable to wear and inadvertently be lost. For some products, genotoxic substances were detected.

There have been some privacy issues regarding the data collection of activity-tracking apps, a user’s health can be tracked into a “digital health footprint”. There have been many concerns about privacy issues with menstruation and reproductive health-tracking apps. Many women who use these apps for menstrual and contraceptive tracking are under the impression that their data is private when there is no single body regulating the apps, making the availability and protection of the data unknown.

The apps of some activity trackers not only transmit personal data but also private address lists to servers on the Internet without notifying or asking the user. Even when anonymized, the mere presence of geolocation data may be a national security risk. However, the results of a study among semi-professional (half-) marathon participants suggest that certain users are open to sharing tracked activity data voluntarily.

In the US in 2013, BodyMedia developed a disposable activity tracker to be worn for a week, which is aimed at medical and insurance providers and employers seeking to measure employees’ fitness. In 2014, Jawbone developed a system called UP for Groups which could provide employers with aggregated data from employees’ wearable activity trackers and apps.

Research has been carried out on the gamification of health apps, where users earn incentives and rewards based on their health goals. Though this can make the app engaging, there was concern it could trivialize health apps and deter the users from their genuine health goals. There is also research problematizing tracking devices about how we inhabit, experience, and imagine our bodies and lives.

Thursday, October 22, 2026

COVID-19 Vaccines May Help Some Cancer Patients Fight Tumors

AP Photo/Juan Karita, File

The most widely used COVID-19 vaccines may offer a surprise benefit for some cancer patients  revving up their immune systems to help fight tumors. People with advanced lung or skin cancer who were taking certain immunotherapy drugs lived substantially longer if they also got a Pfizer or Moderna shot within 100 days of starting treatment, according to preliminary research being reported Wednesday in the journal Nature. And it had nothing to do with virus infections. Instead, the molecule that powers those specific vaccines, mRNA, appears to help the immune system respond better to the cutting-edge cancer treatment………Continue reading….

By : Lauran Neergaard

Source: AP News

.

Critics:

Several COVID‑19 vaccines, such as the Pfizer BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, use RNA to stimulate an immune response. When introduced into human tissue, the vaccine contains either self-replicating RNA or messenger RNA (mRNA), which both cause cells to express the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This teaches the body how to identify and destroy the corresponding pathogen.

RNA vaccines often use nucleoside-modified messenger RNA. The delivery of mRNA is achieved by a coformulation of the molecule into lipid nanoparticles, which protect the RNA strands and help their absorption into the cells. RNA vaccines are the first COVID‑19 vaccines to be authorized in the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union.

Authorized vaccines of this type include the Pfizer–BioNTech and Moderna vaccines. The CVnCoV RNA vaccine from CureVac failed in clinical trials. Severe allergic reactions are rare. In December 2020, 1,893,360 first doses of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‑19 vaccine administration resulted in 175 cases of severe allergic reactions, of which 21 were anaphylaxis.

For 4,041,396 Moderna COVID‑19 vaccine dose administrations in December 2020 and January 2021, only ten cases of anaphylaxis were reported. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) were most likely responsible for the allergic reactions. These vaccines are examples of non-replicating viral vector vaccines using an adenovirus shell containing DNA that encodes a SARS‑CoV‑2 protein.

The viral vector-based vaccines against COVID‑19 are non-replicating, meaning that they do not make new virus particles but rather produce only the antigen that elicits a systemic immune response. Authorized vaccines of this type include the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID‑19 vaccine, the Sputnik V COVID‑19 vaccine, Convidecia, and the Janssen COVID‑19 vaccine. Convidecia and Janssen are both one-shot vaccines that offer less complicated logistics and can be stored under ordinary refrigeration for several months.

Sputnik V uses Ad26 for its first dose, which is the same as Janssen’s only dose, and Ad5 for the second dose, which is the same as Convidecia’s only dose. In August 2021, the developers of Sputnik V proposed, in view of the Delta case surge, that Pfizer test the Ad26 component (termed its ‘Light’ version) as a booster shot. Inactivated vaccines consist of virus particles that are grown in culture and then killed using a method.

Such as heat or formaldehyde to lose disease-producing capacity while still stimulating an immune response. Inactivated virus vaccines authorized in China include the Chinese CoronaVac and the Sinopharm BIBP and WIBP vaccines; there is also the Indian Covaxin, the Russian CoviVac, the Kazakh vaccine QazVac. Subunit vaccines present one or more antigens without introducing whole pathogen particles. The antigens involved are often protein subunits, but they can be any molecule fragment of the pathogen.

The authorized vaccines of this type include the peptide vaccine EpiVacCorona, ZF2001, MVC-COV1901, Corbevax,the Sanofi–GSK vaccine, and Soberana 02 (a conjugate vaccine). Bimervax (selvacovatein) was approved for use as a booster vaccine in the European Union in March 2023.

The V451 vaccine was in clinical trials that were terminated after it was found that the vaccine may potentially cause incorrect results for subsequent HIV testing. The authorized vaccines of this type include the Novavax COVID‑19 vaccine. Additional types of vaccines that are in clinical trials include multiple DNA plasmid vaccines,at least two lentivirus vector vaccines, a conjugate vaccine, and a vesicular stomatitis virus displaying the SARS‑CoV‑2 spike protein.

These vaccines are designed to stimulate nasal immune factors, such as IgA. In addition to inhibiting the virus, nasal vaccines provide ease of administration because no needles (or needle phobia) are involved. A variety of intranasal COVID‑19 vaccines are undergoing clinical trials. The first authorised intranasal vaccine was Razi Cov Pars in Iran at the end of October 2021. The first viral component of Sputnik V vaccine was authorised in Russia as Sputnik Nasal in April 2022.

In September 2022, India and China approved two nasal COVID‑19 vaccines (iNCOVACC and Convidecia), which may (as boosters)also reduce transmission (potentially via sterilizing immunity). In December 2022, China approved a second intranasal vaccine as a booster, trade name Pneucolin. Aivita Biomedical is developing an experimental autologous dendritic cell COVID‑19 vaccine kit where the vaccine is prepared and incubated at the point-of-care using cells from the intended recipient.

The vaccine is undergoing small phase I and phase II clinical studies. A universal coronavirus vaccine would be effective against all coronaviruses and possibly other viruses. The concept was publicly endorsed by NIAID director Anthony Fauci, virologist Jeffery K. Taubenberger, and David M. Morens. In March 2022, the White House released the “National COVID‑19 Preparedness Plan”, which recommended accelerating the development of a universal coronavirus vaccine.

One attempt at such a vaccine is being developed at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. It uses a spike ferritin-based nanoparticle (SpFN). This vaccine began a Phase I clinical trial in April 2022.  Results of this trial were published in May 2024. Other universal vaccines that have entered clinical trial include OVX033 (France),PanCov (France),pEVAC-PS (UK),and VBI-2902 (Canada). Another strategy is to attach vaccine fragments from multiple strains to a nanoparticle scaffold.

One theory is that a broader range of strains can be vaccinated against by targeting the receptor-binding domain, rather than the whole spike protein. As of September 2020, eleven of the vaccine candidates in clinical development use adjuvants to enhance immunogenicity. An immunological adjuvant is a substance formulated with a vaccine to elevate the immune response to an antigen, such as the COVID‑19 virus or influenza virus.

Specifically, an adjuvant may be used in formulating a COVID‑19 vaccine candidate to boost its immunogenicity and efficacy to reduce or prevent COVID‑19 infection in vaccinated individuals. Adjuvants used in COVID‑19 vaccine formulation may be particularly effective for technologies using the inactivated COVID‑19 virus and recombinant protein-based or vector-based vaccines.Aluminum salts, known as “alum”, were the first adjuvant used for licensed vaccines and are the adjuvant of choice in some 80% of adjuvanted vaccines.

The alum adjuvant initiates diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms to enhance immunogenicity, including the release of proinflammatory cytokines. In June 2024, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advised the manufacturers of the licensed and authorized COVID-19 vaccines that the COVID-19 vaccines (2024-2025 Formula) for use in the United States beginning in fall 2024 should be monovalent JN.1 vaccines.

Since January 2020, vaccine development has been expedited via unprecedented collaboration in the multinational pharmaceutical industry and between governments. Multiple steps along the entire development path are evaluated, including:

  • the level of acceptable toxicity of the vaccine (its safety),
  • targeting vulnerable populations,
  • the need for vaccine efficacy breakthroughs,
  • the duration of vaccination protection,
  • special delivery systems (such as oral or nasal, rather than by injection),
  • dose regimen,
  • stability and storage characteristics,
  • emergency use authorization before formal licensing,
  • optimal manufacturing for scaling to billions of doses, and
  • dissemination of the licensed vaccine.

There have been several unique challenges with COVID‑19 vaccine development.Public health programs have been described as “[a] race to vaccinate individuals” with the early wave vaccines. Timelines for conducting clinical research – normally a sequential process requiring years – are being compressed into safety, efficacy, and dosing trials running simultaneously over months, potentially compromising safety assurance.

 For example, Chinese vaccine developers and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention began their efforts in January 2020, and by March they were pursuing numerous candidates on short timelines. The rapid development and urgency of producing a vaccine for the COVID‑19 pandemic were expected to increase the risks and failure rate of delivering a safe, effective vaccine.

Additionally, research at universities is obstructed by physical distancing and the closing of laboratories. Vaccines must progress through several phases of clinical trials to test for safety, immunogenicity, effectiveness, dose levels, and adverse effects of the candidate vaccine. Vaccine developers have to invest resources internationally to find enough participants for Phase II–III clinical trials when the virus has proved to be a “moving target” of changing transmission rates across and within countries, forcing companies to compete for trial participants.

Clinical trial organizers may also encounter people unwilling to be vaccinated due to vaccine hesitancy or disbelief in the science of the vaccine technology and its ability to prevent infection. As new vaccines are developed during the COVID‑19 pandemic, licensure of COVID‑19 vaccine candidates requires submission of a full dossier of information on development and manufacturing quality.

The Turkish Hiking Trail Named Most Beautiful In The World By Time Out

Shutterstock Looking for a digital detox? We all need to get into nature every so often, and sometimes touching grass isn’t enough. Sometime...